F12 打开开发者选项，点击网络选项卡，选取disable cache，则清除单站缓存
月度归档： 2018 年 5 月
dot语言学习笔记
Dot是开源工具包Graphviz上用来画图的一门脚本语言。通过布局引擎解析脚本得到图像，然后可以将图像导出为各种格式以满足需求，有了它，我们就可以很方便地通过编写脚本来画各种结构示意图和流程图。
常用关键字：
graph：定义当前图属性
node：定义各结点属性，如fontname
subgraph：定义子图，需要以cluster开头，否则引擎不识别
例：
digraph service_map {
graph [dpi="300"];
node [color="gray";shape="record";fontname="Microsoft YaHei"];
label="Service Map";
Request;
github_pages [label="GitHub Pages"];
subgraph cluster_web{
label="Web front end server";
nginx [label="Reverse Proxy Server"];
docker [label="Docker Container Manager"];
}
subgraph cluster_docker{
label="Docker Container Manager";
openproject [label="OpenProject"];
gitlab [label="GitLab"];
wordpress [label="WordPress"];
mysql [label="Common Mysql Database"];
}
subgraph cluster_filesystem{
label="Mount at where";
openproject_mnt [label="/opt/openproject/data:/var/lib/postgresql/9.6/main\l\n/opt/openproject/logs:/var/log/supervisor\l\n/opt/openproject/static:/var/db/openproject\l"];
gitlab_mnt [label="/opt/gitlab/config:/etc/gitlab\l\n/opt/gitlab/logs:/var/log/gitlab\l\n/opt/gitlab/data:/var/opt/gitlab\l"];
wordpress_mnt [label="/opt/wordpress/www:/var/www/html"];
mysql_mnt [label="/opt/mysql/data:/var/lib/mysql"];
}
Request->nginx;
nginx->docker;
nginx->github_pages;
docker->wordpress [label="hostname=wordpress.endercaster.com"];
docker->openproject [label="hostname=openproject.endercaster.com"];
docker->gitlab [label="hostname=gitlab.endercaster.com"];
wordpress->mysql;
wordpress->wordpress_mnt [label="mount"];
openproject->openproject_mnt [label="mount"];
gitlab->gitlab_mnt [label="mount"];
mysql->mysql_mnt [label="mount"];
}
这段代码生成的图像如下
相对于图形化的visio，使用dot画图省去了排版，只需要关心软件中都有什么模块，实现什么功能，可以说是非常省心了。
Windows下的dot中文渲染乱码解决
dot语言绘图有很多渲染器，默认渲染器在windows下无论如何调整(gvedit.exe)都会把中文渲染成乱码。
尝试解决方案如：在graph/node段加入fontname=”Microsoft Yahei” （cairo引擎中这种方式在node段生效）
于是我开始思考，是不是需要手动调用呢？事实很快在我脸上甩了一巴掌：手动调用报13错误。
在网上搜索了好一段时间之后，终于在一篇说明如何使用dot渲染矢量图的文章里找到了解决方法
dot -T类型:渲染器 文件名 -o 输出文件
此处我们使用cairo作为渲染器，完美解决问题
ShellShock
对象：
含有setuid(geteuid())这类程序
要求：
bash 4.1以下
原理：
bash在执行时会调用环境变量，并且加载自定义函数，这时，会执行自定义函数后的语句
export foo='() { :; }; echo hello bash’
# 猜测：当时getuid获取的可能是文件所有者的UID，也就是0，这样，setuid就获取了root权限
当前状态
geteuid(),getuid()一字之差
修复OpenProject
大体上来讲是这样@OpenProject Community
2016-11-20 17:08:23,386 CRIT Supervisor running as root (no user in config file)
2016-11-20 17:08:23,386 WARN Included extra file “/etc/supervisor/conf.d/supervisord.conf” during parsing
2016-11-20 17:08:23,420 INFO RPC interface ‘supervisor’ initialized
2016-11-20 17:08:23,420 CRIT Server ‘unix_http_server’ running without any HTTP authentication checking
2016-11-20 17:08:23,421 INFO supervisord started with pid 1
2016-11-20 17:08:24,424 INFO spawned: ‘postgres’ with pid 88
2016-11-20 17:08:24,426 INFO spawned: ‘apache2’ with pid 89
2016-11-20 17:08:24,429 INFO spawned: ‘web’ with pid 90
2016-11-20 17:08:24,433 INFO spawned: ‘worker’ with pid 91
2016-11-20 17:08:24,436 INFO spawned: ‘postfix’ with pid 92
2016-11-20 17:08:24,439 INFO spawned: ‘cron’ with pid 93
2016-11-20 17:08:24,441 INFO spawned: ‘memcached’ with pid 94
2016-11-20 17:08:24,462 INFO success: postfix entered RUNNING state, process has stayed up for > than 0 seconds (startsecs)
2016-11-20 17:08:24,586 INFO exited: apache2 (exit status 0; not expected)
2016-11-20 17:08:24,875 INFO exited: postfix (exit status 0; expected)
2016-11-20 17:08:25,877 INFO success: postgres entered RUNNING state, process has stayed up for > than 1 seconds (startsecs)
2016-11-20 17:08:25,880 INFO spawned: ‘apache2’ with pid 200
2016-11-20 17:08:25,880 INFO success: web entered RUNNING state, process has stayed up for > than 1 seconds (startsecs)
2016-11-20 17:08:25,881 INFO success: worker entered RUNNING state, process has stayed up for > than 1 seconds (startsecs)
2016-11-20 17:08:25,881 INFO success: cron entered RUNNING state, process has stayed up for > than 1 seconds (startsecs)
2016-11-20 17:08:25,881 INFO success: memcached entered RUNNING state, process has stayed up for > than 1 seconds (startsecs)
2016-11-20 17:08:25,957 INFO exited: apache2 (exit status 0; not expected)
2016-11-20 17:08:28,092 INFO spawned: ‘apache2’ with pid 261
2016-11-20 17:08:28,181 INFO exited: apache2 (exit status 0; not expected)
2016-11-20 17:08:31,200 INFO spawned: ‘apache2’ with pid 266
2016-11-20 17:08:31,276 INFO exited: apache2 (exit status 0; not expected)
2016-11-20 17:08:31,921 INFO gave up: apache2 entered FATAL state, too many start retries too quickly
简单来讲就是apache服务没有起来，在创建docker 容器的时候加上参数 --restart always就可以每次start容器都和重启一样，可以减少出现apache启动冲突的概率
纪念一下docker建站
第一句：docker真是改变人类生产效率的好东西，docker大法好！
考虑搞一套自己的服务器已经好久了，今天算是第一次成功的把三个站点布在了一个服务器(ThinkPad X1C 2014)上，运行还蛮流畅的，下面简述一下建站流程。
数据库：mysql(本机)
sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install mysql-server
博客：WordPress
docker run -itd --name wordpress \
-v /opt/wordpress/html:/var/www/html \
-p 12080:80 \
wordpress
项目管理软件：OpenProject
docker run -itd --name openproject \
-v /opt/openproject/pgdata:/var/lib/postgresql/9.6/main \
-v /opt/openproject/logs:/var/log/supervisor \
-v /opt/openproject/static:/var/db/openproject \
-p 10080:80 \
openproject/community
版本控制软件：GitLab
docker run -itd --name gitlab \
--hostname gitlab.endercaster.lan \
-v /opt/gitlab/config:/etc/gitlab \
-v /opt/gitlab/logs:/var/log/gitlab \
-v /opt/gitlab/data:/var/opt/gitlab \
-p 11080:80 \
-p 11022:22 \
-p 11443:443 \
gitlab/gitlab-ce
其实这里可以不用绑定端口的，使用docker run –ip可以指定固定IP(前提是使用自建的网桥docker network create)
这时其实还没完，在wordpress里还要配置apache的servername，否则会无法访问。
反向代理：nginx
这个是在本机安装的，监听80端口，根据host进行转发，一开始本来使用Apache的，但是配置了好久都不能用，经过查阅，nginx的反向代理配置相对简单快速，转而使用nginx。